Bronze

Origin

The etymological origin is the decisive canonical vocabulary of Latin 'aes (bronze)' and Greek 'khalkós (χαλκός khalkós, bronze)' — the decisive canon of English 'bronze' deriving from Italian 'bronzo' and Persian 'brinj (bronze)'. The decisive origin canon is the decisive canon of the beginning of the Bronze Age in Sumer and Mesopotamia around 3300 BCE — the decisive canon of the alloy of copper (about 90%) and tin (about 10%). The decisive Hesiod canon is the decisive canon of the Bronze Age (third of the Five Ages) of the Greek farmer-poet Hesiod (Hesiod) Works and Days (Erga kai Hēmerai, Works and Days) lines 143-155 around 700 BCE — 'their weapons were of bronze, their houses of bronze, with bronze they worked, for there was no black iron yet' — the decisive canon of the Age of Violence and War. The decisive natural history canon is the decisive canon of bronze (aes) in the Roman Pliny the Elder's (Pliny the Elder, 23-79) Natural History (Naturalis Historia) Book 34 of the 1st century — the decisive canon of the fame of Corinthian bronze.

Features

• Alloy of copper (Cu) 90% + tin (Sn) about 10% — Mohs hardness 3-4
• Main axis — Bronze Age in Hesiod Works and Days lines 143-155
• Latin aes Greek khalkós etymology of bronze
• Beginning of the Bronze Age in 3300 BCE — humanity's first alloy
• Greek bronze giant Talos (Talos) — automatons of Hephaestus
• Origin — Mesopotamia, Chinese Shang dynasty, Corinth, Korean peninsula

Stories

The beginning of the Bronze Age around 3300 BCE is the decisive origin, and the Bronze Age in Hesiod's Works and Days lines 143-155 of c. 700 BCE is the decisive canon. The decisive canon used as humanity's first alloy, and the decisive canon invoked as the metal of the Age of War. The decisive Chinese canon is the decisive canon of the ritual ding (ding, cauldron) of the Shang dynasty around 1500 BCE, and the decisive Greek canon is the decisive canon of the bronze warriors of Riace (Riace) of the 5th century BCE. The decisive Talos canon is the decisive canon of the bronze giant Talos (Talos) as the guardian of Crete in Greek mythology. The decisive Roman canon is the decisive canon of Corinthian bronze (aes Corinthium), and the decisive Renaissance canon is the decisive canon of the bronze David by Donatello (Donatello) of the 1440s.

Weakness

Bronze's weaknesses are: (1) Mohs hardness 3-4 limit — the decisive canonical weakness — softer than iron (4-5) — the decisive canon of the cause of the arrival of the Iron Age; (2) binding of tin — the decisive canon of trade dependence due to tin's scarcity — the cause of the Bronze Age collapse; (3) binding of corrosion — the decisive canon of the formation of patina (green corrosion); (4) binding of acid — the decisive canon of damage from vinegar and acid; (5) binding of iron — the decisive canon of the Bronze Age collapse around 1200 BCE; (6) binding of the sacred domain — the decisive canon; (7) binding of Hesiod — the decisive canon of the binding of the Age of War; (8) binding of time — the decisive canon of the binding of 5300 years of the Bronze Age. The decisive canonical finale is the decisive mythological canon of the Bronze Age collapse around 1200 BCE and the arrival of the Iron Age.

Cultural Significance

Bronze is not merely a metal icon but the canonical iconographic figure of the decisive Sumerian-Greek-Chinese-Roman canon, traversing the beginning of the Bronze Age around 3300 BCE, the bronze ritual ding of the Chinese Shang dynasty around 1500 BCE, the Bronze Age in Hesiod's Works and Days lines 143-155 around 700 BCE, the bronze giant Talos in Greek mythology, the bronze warriors of Riace of the 5th century BCE, Corinthian bronze in Pliny the Elder's Natural History Book 34 of the 1st century, the bronze David by Donatello of the 1440s, and the Great Buddha of Kamakura in Japan of 1198. The etymological origin settled as the decisive canon of Latin 'aes' and Greek 'khalkós (χαλκός khalkós)' — the decisive canon of English 'bronze' deriving from Italian 'bronzo' and Persian 'brinj'. The decisive origin canon is the decisive canon of the beginning of the Bronze Age in Sumer and Mesopotamia around 3300 BCE — the decisive canon of humanity's first alloy. The decisive Chinese canon is the decisive canon of the bronze ritual ding (ding, cauldron) of the Shang dynasty (Shang, 1600-1046 BCE) around 1500 BCE — the decisive canon of the Houmuwu ding (Houmuwu ding, 832.84 kg, now at the National Museum of China). The decisive Hesiod canon is the decisive canon of the Bronze Age (third of the Five Ages) of the Greek Hesiod (Hesiod) Works and Days (Erga kai Hēmerai, Works and Days) lines 143-155 around 700 BCE — 'their weapons were of bronze, their houses of bronze, with bronze they worked, for there was no black iron yet'. The decisive Talos canon is the decisive canon of the bronze giant Talos (Talos) as the guardian of Crete in Apollonius of Rhodes (Apollonius of Rhodes) Argonautica (Argonautica) Book 4 lines 1638-1693 of the 3rd century BCE — the decisive canon of his weakness in the heel where the bronze fluid (ichor) flowed. The decisive Roman canon is the decisive canon of Corinthian bronze (aes Corinthium, the bronze of Corinth) in Pliny the Elder's (Pliny the Elder, 23-79) Natural History Book 34 of the 1st century — the decisive canon of bronze more precious than gold. The decisive Greek bronze statue canon is the decisive canon of the bronze warriors of Riace (Riace) of c. 460 BCE (now at the Museum of Magna Graecia in Reggio Calabria, Italy). The decisive Renaissance canon is the decisive canon of the bronze David (David) by the Italian Donatello (Donatello, 1386-1466) of the 1440s, and the decisive Japanese canon is the decisive canon of the Great Buddha (Daibutsu, ~121 tons of bronze) of Kamakura in Japan of 1198.

In Popular Culture

Beginning of the Bronze Age in Sumer and Mesopotamia (c. 3300 BCE) — decisive origin canonBronze ritual ding (ding) of the Chinese Shang (Shang) dynasty (c. 1500 BCE) — decisive Chinese canonBronze Age in Hesiod (Hesiod) Works and Days (Works and Days) lines 143-155 (c. 700 BCE) — decisive Hesiod canonBronze giant Talos (Talos) in Apollonius of Rhodes (Apollonius of Rhodes) Argonautica Book 4 lines 1638-1693 (3rd century BCE) — decisive Talos canonAutomatons of Hephaestus (Hephaestus) in Greek mythology — decisive Hephaestus canonCorinthian bronze (aes Corinthium) in Pliny the Elder Natural History (Naturalis Historia) Book 34 (1st century) — decisive Roman canonBronze warriors of Riace (Riace) (c. 460 BCE) — decisive Greek bronze statue canonBronze David (David) by Donatello (Donatello) (1440s) — decisive Renaissance canonGreat Buddha (Daibutsu) of Kamakura in Japan (1198) — decisive Japanese canonBronze Age collapse and arrival of the Iron Age (c. 1200 BCE) — decisive collapse canon