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Ancient Egyptian ritual necklace with counterweight

The menat is an ancient Egyptian ritual necklace closely associated with the worship of the goddess Hathor, consisting of multiple strands of beads and a distinctive metal counterweight at the back of the neck. Priests and priestesses shook the menat during temple rituals, producing a rattling sound believed to please Hathor and bring fertility and renewal. Wall paintings frequently depict Hathor offering the menat to the pharaoh as a symbol of divine protection and life force. Crafted from faience, semi-precious stones, and glass beads, menats have been found in numerous tombs including Tutankhamun's burial chamber.

Large decorative brooch for fastening cloaks at the shoulder

A cloak brooch is a large brooch used to fasten a cloak or mantle at the shoulder in medieval Europe. Typically circular (annular) or penannular in form with a long pin, its surface was engraved or enameled with family crests, religious symbols, or intricate geometric patterns. For knights and nobles, the brooch was a vital status marker revealing identity and allegiance. Celtic ring brooches like the Tara Brooch are celebrated for their intricate interlace work and gold filigree, while Viking disc brooches developed a distinctive aesthetic of silver work and animal motifs.